Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Benchmark Model Rank Results
language-modelling-on-penn-treebank-word-levelGPT-3 (Zero-Shot)#1Test perplexity: 20.5Params: 175000M
unsupervised-machine-translation-on-wmt2014-french-englishGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#1BLEU: 39.2
unsupervised-machine-translation-on-wmt2016-english-germanGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#1BLEU: 29.7
unsupervised-machine-translation-on-wmt2016-german-englishGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#1BLEU: 40.6
answerability-prediction-on-peerqaGPT-3.5-Turbo-0613-16k#2Macro F1: 0.3304
few-shot-learning-on-medconceptsqagpt-3.5-turbo#2Accuracy: 41.476
question-answering-on-story-clozeGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#2Accuracy: 87.7
zero-shot-learning-on-medconceptsqagpt-3.5-turbo#2Accuracy: 37.058
language-modelling-on-lambadaGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#3Accuracy: 86.4Perplexity: 1.92
language-modelling-on-lambadaGPT-3 175B (Zero-Shot)#14Accuracy: 76.2Perplexity: 3.00
language-modelling-on-lambadaGPT-3 13B (Zero-Shot)#18Accuracy: 72.5Perplexity: 3.56
language-modelling-on-lambadaGPT-3 6.7B (Zero-Shot)#22Accuracy: 70.3Perplexity: 4.00
language-modelling-on-lambadaGPT-3 2.7B (Zero-Shot)#31Accuracy: 67.1Perplexity: 4.60
question-answering-on-raceGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#3RACE-m: 58.1
question-answering-on-raceGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#4RACE-h: 46.8
zero-shot-question-answering-on-openbookqaGPT-3 175B (zero-shot)#3Accuracy: 57.6
zero-shot-question-answering-on-openbookqaGPT-3 13B (zero-shot)#4Accuracy: 55.6
zero-shot-question-answering-on-openbookqaGPT-3 6.7B (zero-shot)#7Accuracy: 50.4
zero-shot-question-answering-on-openbookqaGPT-3 XL (zero-shot)#12Accuracy: 46.8
zero-shot-question-answering-on-openbookqaGPT-3 Small (zero-shot)#19Accuracy: 35.6
question-answering-on-obqaGPT-3 175B (zero-shot)#5Accuracy: 57.6
question-answering-on-peerqaGPT-3.5-Turbo-0613-16k#5Prometheus-2 Answer Correctness: 3.0408Rouge-L: 0.2414…
unsupervised-machine-translation-on-wmt2014-english-frenchGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#5BLEU: 32.6
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 175B (few-shot)#6Accuracy: 51.5
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 175B (zero-shot)#7Accuracy: 51.4
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 13B (few-shot)#9Accuracy: 44.8
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 6.7B (few-shot)#11Accuracy: 43.7
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 13B (zero-shot)#12Accuracy: 43.7
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 6.7B (zero-shot)#15Accuracy: 41.4
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 XL (few-shot)#22Accuracy: 36.7
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 XL (zero-shot)#23Accuracy: 35.5
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 Small (zero-shot)#27Accuracy: 26.6
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-cGPT-3 Small (few-shot)#28Accuracy: 25.5
question-answering-on-webquestionsFew-shot#6EM: 44.7
question-answering-on-webquestionsGPT-3-175B (Few-Shot)#15EM: 41.5
question-answering-on-webquestionsGPT-3-175B (One-Shot)#26EM: 25.3
question-answering-on-webquestionsGPT-3-175B (Zero-Shot)#29EM: 14.4
question-answering-on-coqaGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#7Overall: 85
common-sense-reasoning-on-recordGPT-3 Large 760M (0-shot)#9EM: 82.1
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 175B (few-shot)#10Accuracy: 70.1
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 13B (few-shot)#11Accuracy: 69.1
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 175B (zero-shot)#13Accuracy: 68.8
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 6.7B (few-shot)#15Accuracy: 65.8
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 13B (zero-shot)#16Accuracy: 63.8
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 6.7B (zero-shot)#18Accuracy: 60.2
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 XL (few-shot)#19Accuracy: 59.1
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 XL (zero-shot)#20Accuracy: 53.8
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 Small (zero-shot)#25Accuracy: 43.6
multiple-choice-question-answering-mcqa-on-arc-eGPT-3 Small (few-shot)#26Accuracy: 42.7
question-answering-on-copaGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#10Accuracy: 92
question-answering-on-copaGPT-3 175B (0-shot)#11Accuracy: 91
question-answering-on-copaGPT-3 175B (1-shot)#20Accuracy: 87
question-answering-on-copaGPT-3 13B (few-shot, k=32)#23Accuracy: 86
question-answering-on-copaGPT-3 Large 760M (0-shot)#40Accuracy: 73.0
question-answering-on-drop-testGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#10F1: 36.5
natural-language-inference-on-anli-testGPT-3#11A1: 36.8A2: 34A3: 40.2
natural-language-inference-on-commitmentbankGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#11Accuracy: 75.6
natural-language-inference-on-commitmentbankGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#18F1: 52
question-answering-on-multircGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#11F1: 75.4
question-answering-on-openbookqaGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#13Accuracy: 65.4
question-answering-on-storyclozeGPT-3 Large 760M (zero-shot)#14Accuracy: 72.4
coreference-resolution-on-winograd-schema-challengeGPT-3 175B (few-shot)#18Accuracy: 80.1
reading-comprehension-on-raceGPT-3 175B (0-shot)#19Accuracy (Middle): 58.4
reading-comprehension-on-raceGPT-3 175B (zero-shot)#25Accuracy (High): 45.5
common-sense-reasoning-on-arc-challengeGPT-3 175B (1 shot)#21Accuracy: 53.2
common-sense-reasoning-on-arc-challengeGPT-3 175B (0-shot)#23Accuracy: 51.4
question-answering-on-triviaqaGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot)#22EM: 71.2
word-sense-disambiguation-on-words-in-contextGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#25Accuracy: 49.4
question-answering-on-natural-questionsGPT-3 175B (Few-Shot, k=64)#44EM: 29.9
question-answering-on-piqaGPT-3 175B (0-shot)#53Accuracy: 81.0
question-answering-on-piqaGPT-3 Large 760M (0-shot)#134Accuracy: 72.9
common-sense-reasoning-on-arc-easyGPT-3 175B (1 shot)#54Accuracy: 71.2
common-sense-reasoning-on-arc-easyGPT-3 175B (0-shot)#64Accuracy: 68.8
natural-language-inference-on-rteGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#54Accuracy: 69%
question-answering-on-boolqGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#55Accuracy: 76.4
question-answering-on-boolqGPT-3 75B (0-shot)#100Accuracy: 60.5
common-sense-reasoning-on-winograndeGPT-3 175B (0-shot)#77Accuracy: 70.2
common-sense-reasoning-on-winograndeGPT-3 Large 760M (0-shot)#138Accuracy: 57.4
sentence-completion-on-hellaswagGPT-3 175B (few-shot, k=32)#78Accuracy: 79.3
sentence-completion-on-hellaswagGPT-3 (0-shot)#81Accuracy: 78.9
sentence-completion-on-hellaswagGPT-3 Large 760M (0-shot)#177Accuracy: 51.0