HYDRA: A multimodal deep learning framework for malware classification

Benchmark Model Rank Results
malware-classification-on-microsoft-malware-classification-challengeAhmadi et al. (2016): ENT, Bytes 1-G, STR, IMG1, IMG2, MD1, MISC, OPC, SEC, REG, DP, API, SYM, MD2 IMG and Opcode N-Grams + Ensemble Learning (XGBoost)#1Accuracy (10-fold): 0.9976Macro F1 (10-fold): 0.9931
malware-classification-on-microsoft-malware-classification-challengeHYDRA#2Accuracy (10-fold): 0.9975Macro F1 (10-fold): 0.9951
malware-classification-on-microsoft-malware-classification-challengeZhang et al. (2016): Total lines of each Section, Operation Code Count, API Usage, Special Symbols Count, Asm File Pixel Intensity Feature, Bytes File Block Size Distribution, Bytes File N-Gram + Ensemble Learning (XGBoost)#3Accuracy (10-fold): 0.9974Macro F1 (10-fold): 0.9938
malware-classification-on-microsoft-malware-classification-challengeAhmadi et al. (2016): API feature vector + XGBoost#8Accuracy (10-fold): 0.9868Macro F1 (10-fold): 0.9638
malware-classification-on-microsoft-malware-classification-challengeScaled bytes sequence + CNN & Bidirectional LSTM#10Accuracy (10-fold): 0.9814Macro F1 (10-fold): 0.9662
malware-classification-on-microsoft-malware-classification-challengeNarayanan et al. (2016): PCA features + 1-NN#14Accuracy (10-fold): 0.9660Macro F1 (10-fold): 0.9102
malware-classification-on-microsoft-malware-classification-challengeZero Rule Classifier#16Accuracy (10-fold): 0.2707
malware-classification-on-microsoft-malware-classification-challengeRandom Guess Classifier#17Accuracy (10-fold): 0.1755