| Let Go of Your Labels with Unsupervised Transfer | ✓ Link | 0.997 | 0.993 | 0.994 | | | TURTLE (CLIP + DINOv2) | 2024-06-11 |
| Exploring the Limits of Deep Image Clustering using Pretrained Models | ✓ Link | 0.985 | 0.965 | 0.968 | Train | ViT-B | TEMI DINO ViT-B | 2023-03-31 |
| Image Clustering with External Guidance | ✓ Link | 0.982 | 0.955 | 0.961 | | | TAC | 2023-10-18 |
| The Balanced-Pairwise-Affinities Feature Transform | ✓ Link | 0.943 | 0.880 | 0.879 | | ResNet-34 | SPICE-BPA | 2024-06-25 |
| Deep Online Probability Aggregation Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.934 | 0.863 | 0.861 | | ResNet-34 | DPAC | 2024-07-07 |
| SPICE: Semantic Pseudo-labeling for Image Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.929 | 0.860 | | Train | ResNet-34 | SPICE* | 2021-03-17 |
| []() | | 0.908 | | 0.812 | Train | ResNet-18 | HUME | |
| Twin Contrastive Learning for Online Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.868 | 0.799 | 0.757 | Train | ResNet-34 | TCL | 2022-10-21 |
| Improving Unsupervised Image Clustering With Robust Learning | ✓ Link | 0.867 | | | | ResNet-18 | RUC | 2020-12-21 |
| Information Maximization Clustering via Multi-View Self-Labelling | ✓ Link | 0.853 | 0.747 | 0.716 | Train | ResNet-18 | IMC-SwAV (Best) | 2021-03-12 |
| Contrastive Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.85 | 0.764 | | Train+Test | ResNet34 | CC | 2020-09-21 |
| Stable Cluster Discrimination for Deep Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.836 | 0.733 | 0.693 | Train | ResNet-18 | SeCu | 2023-11-24 |
| Information Maximization Clustering via Multi-View Self-Labelling | ✓ Link | 0.831 | 0.729 | 0.685 | Train | ResNet-18 | IMC-SwAV (Avg+-) | 2021-03-12 |
| Improving Image Clustering with Artifacts Attenuation via Inference-Time Attention Engineering | | 0.8276 | 0.8818 | 0.7594 | Test | ViT-B/14 | ITAE | 2024-10-07 |
| SCAN: Learning to Classify Images without Labels | ✓ Link | 0.809 | 0.698 | | Train | ResNet-18 | SCAN | 2020-05-25 |
| SCAN: Learning to Classify Images without Labels | ✓ Link | 0.767 | 0.680 | | Train | ResNet-18 | SCAN (Avg) | 2020-05-25 |
| Clustering-friendly Representation Learning via Instance Discrimination and Feature Decorrelation | ✓ Link | 0.756 | 0.643 | | Train+Test | ResNet-18 | IDFD | 2021-05-31 |
| MiCE: Mixture of Contrastive Experts for Unsupervised Image Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.752 | 0.635 | | Train+Test | ResNet-34 | MiCE | 2021-05-05 |
| Representation Learning for Clustering via Building Consensus | ✓ Link | 0.749 | 0.636 | | Train+Test | | ConCURL | 2021-05-04 |
| Multi-Modal Deep Clustering: Unsupervised Partitioning of Images | ✓ Link | 0.694 | 0.593 | | | ResNet18 | MMDC | 2019-12-05 |
| Mitigating Embedding and Class Assignment Mismatch in Unsupervised Image Classification | ✓ Link | 0.665 | | | | ResNet-18 | TSUC | |
| Contrastive Hierarchical Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.613 | 0.584 | 0.474 | | ResNet-50 | CoHiClust | 2023-03-03 |
| Learning Diverse and Discriminative Representations via the Principle of Maximal Coding Rate Reduction | ✓ Link | 0.491 | 0.446 | | | | MCR2 | 2020-06-15 |
| Deep Comprehensive Correlation Mining for Image Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.482 | 0.376 | | Train+Test | AlexNet | DCCM | 2019-04-15 |
| Deep Adaptive Image Clustering | ✓ Link | 0.470 | 0.366 | | Train+Test | ConvNet | DAC | 2017-10-01 |
| Unsupervised Deep Embedding for Clustering Analysis | ✓ Link | 0.359 | 0.276 | | Train+Test | | DEC | 2015-11-19 |
| Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks | ✓ Link | 0.298 | 0.210 | | Train+Test | | GAN | 2015-11-19 |
| Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes | ✓ Link | 0.282 | 0.200 | | Train+Test | | VAE | 2013-12-20 |
| Joint Unsupervised Learning of Deep Representations and Image Clusters | ✓ Link | 0.277 | 0.182 | | Train+Test | | JULE | 2016-04-13 |