| Subpixel Heatmap Regression for Facial Landmark Localization | | 3.72 | 63.81 | 1.55 | SH-FAN | 2021-11-03 |
| Recurrence without Recurrence: Stable Video Landmark Detection with Deep Equilibrium Models | ✓ Link | 3.92 | 62.4 | 2.48 | LDEQ | 2023-04-02 |
| STAR Loss: Reducing Semantic Ambiguity in Facial Landmark Detection | ✓ Link | 4.02 | 60.5 | 2.32 | STAR | 2023-06-05 |
| PropagationNet: Propagate Points to Curve to Learn Structure Information | | 4.05 | 61.58 | 2.96 | PropNet | 2020-06-25 |
| Towards Accurate Facial Landmark Detection via Cascaded Transformers | | 4.05 | | 2.68 | DTLD+ | 2022-08-23 |
| Shape Preserving Facial Landmarks with Graph Attention Networks | ✓ Link | 4.06 | 60.56 | 2.08 | SPIGA | 2022-10-13 |
| HIH: Towards More Accurate Face Alignment via Heatmap in Heatmap | ✓ Link | 4.08 | 60.5 | 2.60 | HIH | 2021-04-07 |
| FreeEnricher: Enriching Face Landmarks without Additional Cost | | 4.1 | | | ADNet-FE5 | 2022-12-19 |
| ADNet: Leveraging Error-Bias Towards Normal Direction in Face Alignment | ✓ Link | 4.14 | 60.22 | 2.72 | ADNet | 2021-09-13 |
| Sparse Local Patch Transformer for Robust Face Alignment and Landmarks Inherent Relation Learning | ✓ Link | 4.14 | 59.5 | 2.76 | SLPT | 2022-03-13 |
| Revisiting Quantization Error in Face Alignment | | 4.18 | 59.7 | 2.84 | HIH w. MSE(2-stack) | 2021-09-13 |
| When Liebig's Barrel Meets Facial Landmark Detection: A Practical Model | | 4.2 | | | BarrelNet (ResNet-101) | 2021-05-27 |
| LOTR: Face Landmark Localization Using Localization Transformer | | 4.31 | 60.14 | 3.52 | LOTR-HR | 2021-09-21 |
| Pixel-in-Pixel Net: Towards Efficient Facial Landmark Detection in the Wild | ✓ Link | 4.31 | | | PIPNet (ResNet-101) | 2020-03-08 |
| AnchorFace: An Anchor-based Facial Landmark Detector Across Large Poses | ✓ Link | 4.32 | 57.69 | 2.96 | AnchorFace | 2020-07-07 |
| Adaptive Wing Loss for Robust Face Alignment via Heatmap Regression | ✓ Link | 4.36 | 57.19 | 2.84 | AWing | 2019-04-16 |
| LUVLi Face Alignment: Estimating Landmarks' Location, Uncertainty, and Visibility Likelihood | ✓ Link | 4.37 | 57.7 | 3.12 | LUVLi | 2020-04-06 |
| Aggregation via Separation: Boosting Facial Landmark Detector with Semi-Supervised Style Translation | ✓ Link | 4.39 | 59.13 | 4.08 | AVS | 2019-08-18 |
| Cascade of Encoder-Decoder CNNs with Learned Coordinates Regressor for Robust Facial Landmarks Detection | ✓ Link | 4.39 | 57.55 | 3.55 | CHR2C | 2019-10-15 |
| Fast and Accurate: Structure Coherence Component for Face Alignment | | 4.4 | 56.66 | 2.88 | SCC | 2020-06-21 |
| Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Visual Recognition | ✓ Link | 4.60 | | | HRNet | 2019-08-20 |
| DeCaFA: Deep Convolutional Cascade for Face Alignment In The Wild | | 4.62 | 56.3 | 4.84 | DeCaFA | 2019-04-04 |
| Exploring StyleGAN Latent Space for Face Alignment with Limited Training Data | | 4.62 | | | FASE | 2022-09-16 |
| LDDMM-Face: Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Learning for Flexible and Consistent Face Alignment | | 4.63 | 55.09 | 3.68 | LDDMM-Face | 2021-08-02 |
| Efficient and Accurate Face Alignment by Global Regression and Cascaded Local Refinement | | 4.65 | 58.4 | 4.88 | GRegNet + LRefNet | 2019-06-16 |
| Face Alignment using a 3D Deeply-initialized Ensemble of Regression Trees | ✓ Link | 4.68 | 55.44 | 5.04 | 3DDE | 2019-02-05 |
| Wing Loss for Robust Facial Landmark Localisation with Convolutional Neural Networks | ✓ Link | 5.11 | 55.4 | 6.00 | Wing | 2017-11-17 |
| An Efficient Multitask Neural Network for Face Alignment, Head Pose Estimation and Face Tracking | | 5.13 | 55.7 | 6.27 | ATPN | 2021-03-13 |
| Look at Boundary: A Boundary-Aware Face Alignment Algorithm | ✓ Link | 5.27 | 53.2 | 7.56 | LAB | 2018-05-26 |
| SCAF: Skip-Connections in Auto-encoder for Face alignment with few annotated data | | 5.50 | | | SCAF | 2022-05-15 |
| Face alignment by coarse-to-fine shape searching | ✓ Link | 9.07 | 36.6 | 20.56 | CFSS | 2015-06-07 |
| ASMNet: a Lightweight Deep Neural Network for Face Alignment and Pose Estimation | ✓ Link | 9.41 | | | MobileNetV2 | 2021-02-27 |
| Supervised Descent Method and Its Applications to Face Alignment | | 10.29 | 30.02 | 29.40 | SDM | 2013-06-01 |
| ASMNet: a Lightweight Deep Neural Network for Face Alignment and Pose Estimation | ✓ Link | 10.77 | | | ASMNet | 2021-02-27 |
| Leveraging intra and inter-dataset variations for robust face alignment | | 10.84 | 45.6 | 10.84 | DVLN | 2017-07-21 |
| Face alignment by explicit shape regression | | 11.13 | 27.74 | 35.24 | ESR | 2013-12-13 |